%@uXb5)[zNaTPknUT~=Jn31skv^9|Hello, I'm John Russell.

qipJh1AK9qAi16Cn~c大家好,我是约翰·罗素w4Z!5KSFvM。

VVrYWU,8F8In a previous episode, we explored how the letter "s" at the end of a word can be pronounced two ways-- as /s/ and as /z/.

kxnK;FKy6S上一期视频中,我们探讨了单次结尾的字母“s”的两种发音方式——/s/ 和 /z/Sng&b2f.A7hV。

F]~Lu4rG94iA!=a~4QYou learned about why words such as books and eats have the /s/ sound.

8]lvBj[3R=VwBMc3|gu你知道了为什么单词“books”和“eats”发/s/的音4fyn8#qE*7l_Q+x3GPU。

oxVYfQ)=TG#!y6dBut what about the /z/ ending as in cars? Cars

o4]=,MszfFBcV&P1jrZ但是,cars中结尾的/z/音又是怎么回事呢?

,PuScdAKjNzHQrThe answer comes down to voicing -- the movement of the vocal cords.

P-^60rHl3t]4Mj#答案还是要归结到是否发声——声带的震动^H-*W-o@b1Pef4Bm*@。

iyv[KJra@=When your vocal chord move, we say a sound is voiced.

qM]#h^Pm-|%g.d94发音时你的声带震动了,我们称它为浊音U(2MF=.HCPilBZgoBa。

r&!JkcA^W@|FXG^pxPOften Americans use /z/, a voiced sound, after other voiced consonants and vowels.

il%dhOuh!CkH%7o/z/是一个浊音,美国人通常在其他浊辅音和元音后使用/z/klN[A#+_7~V*AK)3。

rB%deM0TpPFP4aThink about the word car.

lv;zNM%%um6想想“car”这个词^3MnR%J9JZ。

7cgADSlQ**ZHdv3#yd|It ends in a /r/ sound, which is voiced.

I-acG-;]h3@ne.YSScar以/r/音结尾,是一个浊音2[1mcOcNy6FF&g。

oF*531A6%(i~J~VT+hN[Therefore, we pronounce the -s in the plural noun form as /z/: cars.

%_]97]*YK&4因此,-s在名词复数形式中的发音为/z/: carsn~iq&4syq1j[9。

T99UIdExwlLet's think about some other common nouns. Bed

c|Q7ek|n6(fd=71UQ*YW让我们来想一下其他一些常见的名词QG%GH8TbjmKp@6b,yz。

&^hv.W#v;~I-wO9/d/ is a voiced sound.

KwWzL)uS[5pY@3lP*/d/是一个浊音QZLT9119j[h3GX*4k-。

2*g%ieK~9;vhO|OTherefore, when it becomes plural, the -s is pronounce as /z/. beds

vfgZ*8%d^Nf8i因此,当它变成复数时,s发音为/z/wd.|C!3O~A4F7#8~]。 beds

Lj[@49|O)6The big idea to take away from this video and the previous one is that like goes with like.

lngh]GM8Xs=%c9QZ从这段视频和上一段视频中我们学到的一个重要思想是,物以类聚!1qShtf-gjf。

Y,qphg9lp6[ebVoiced sounds often go with the voiced ending /z/.

zySQqfjx_LsWXAs浊音后面发浊音/z/=Mo=J!WLvD2。

Y7B6wTlF=KK^ZVoVoiceless sounds often go with the voiceless ending /s/.

a|&Ab6(4Rg~u清音后面发清音/s/,9j7)adQaEps(E。

0(wgpBN.X9=oT~4u6Now there are some exceptions and a couple other situations in which Americans don't always follow these patterns.

F26|db%h@2;d当然也有一些例外和其他一些情况下美国人并不总是遵循这些模式5XCfT5DONlrfR。

726mrG)rj,mIR3L39But just remembering the basic idea will take you far.

Ha]Dn3nE^oC,;J.4&rJ但只要记住这个基本的概念,你就能走得更远h7#qp)fA4&LIb+wPgB。

S#U-rr;+u6Z]fQuDSThat's all for today.

,D;AC=1C,&#IIBsjw以上就是今天的全部内容TQ3YaRsw,H4#Z。

LuO=zt&P1h9T[7c*HKeep up the good work.

#I8@u[r+sUcZvX0.继续加油吧N6zDk)H7B6i。

C(L+hlKj.V]s8[ItFeuWm4MtfA]^kz_zmI@!WcE.g8twHlh@U0%